HTTP

HTTP, server ve client arasında konuşulan dildir.

Ortak bir dil olmadan bu ikisi birbirini anlayamayacağından HTTPye ihtiyaç doğmuştur.

HTTP bir application layer protokolüdür. Yani uygulama seviyesinde kullanılmak üzere tasarlanmış bir iletişim standardıdır.

HTTP 1.0'dan bu yana internetin evrimleşmesiyle paralel olarak bir çok değişiklikler olmuştur.
IETF ve W3C nin koordine ettiği standartlar, yeni eklemelerle gelişiyor.
HTTP 1.1 yani bugun en yaygın kullanılan versiyonun tanımı için: RFC 2616 (June 1999)
2014 Haziran'ında RFC 2616 emekli edilerek HTTP/1.1 yeniden tanımlandı: RFC7230, 7231, 7232, 7233, 7234, ve 7235.
HTTP/2 şu anda taslak aşamasında.

Kaynaklar

http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1123

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol

http://www.cs.rpi.edu/courses/fall02/netprog/notes/protocols/protocols.pdf

https://dev.opera.com/articles/http-basic-introduction/

http://jan.newmarch.name/go/protocol/chapter-protocol.html

http://www.highteck.net/EN/Application/Application_Layer_Functionality_and_Protocols.html
https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-http2-17

Application protocol örnekleri:

• Remote login to hosts: Telnet
• File transfer: File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
• Electronic mail transport: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
• Networking support: Domain Name System (DNS)
• Host initialization: BOOTP
• Remote host management: Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), Common Management Information Protocol over TCP (CMOT)

Diğer:

• 9P, Plan 9 from Bell Labs distributed file system protocol
• AFP, Apple Filing Protocol
• APPC, Advanced Program-to-Program Communication
• AMQP, Advanced Message Queuing Protocol
• Atom Publishing Protocol
• BEEP, Block Extensible Exchange Protocol
• Bitcoin
• BitTorrent
• CFDP, Coherent File Distribution Protocol
• CoAP, Constrained Application Protocol
• DDS, Data Distribution Service
• DeviceNet
• eDonkey
• ENRP, Endpoint Handlespace Redundancy Protocol
• FastTrack (KaZaa, Grokster, iMesh)
• Finger, User Information Protocol
• Freenet
• FTAM, File Transfer Access and Management
• Gopher, Gopher protocol
• HL7, Health Level Seven
• HTTP, HyperText Transfer Protocol
• H.323, Packet-Based Multimedia Communications System
• IRCP, Internet Relay Chat Protocol
• Kademlia
• KAP, Anonymous File Transfer over UDP/IP (KickAss Protocol)^{[citation needed]}
• LDAP, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
• LPD, Line Printer Daemon Protocol
• MIME (S-MIME), Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions and Secure MIME
• Modbus
• MQTT Protocol
• Netconf
• NFS, Network File System
• NIS, Network Information Service
• NNTP, Network News Transfer Protocol
• NTCIP, National Transportation Communications for Intelligent Transportation System Protocol
• NTP, Network Time Protocol
• OSCAR, AOL Instant Messenger Protocol
• PNRP, Peer Name Resolution Protocol
• RDP, Remote Desktop Protocol
• RELP, Reliable Event Logging Protocol
• RIP, Routing Information Protocol
• Rlogin, Remote Login in UNIX Systems
• RPC, Remote Procedure Call
• RTMP, Real Time Messaging Protocol
• RTP, Real-time Transport Protocol
• RTPS, Real Time Publish Subscribe
• RTSP, Real Time Streaming Protocol
• SAP, Session Announcement Protocol
• SDP, Session Description Protocol
• SIP, Session Initiation Protocol
• SLP, Service Location Protocol
• SMB, Server Message Block
• SMTP, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
• SNTP, Simple Network Time Protocol
• SSH, Secure Shell
• SSMS, Secure SMS Messaging Protocol
• TCAP, Transaction Capabilities Application Part
• TDS, Tabular Data Stream
• Tor (anonymity network)
• Tox
• TSP, Time Stamp Protocol
• VTP, Virtual Terminal Protocol
• Whois (and RWhois), Remote Directory Access Protocol
• WebDAV
• X.400, Message Handling Service Protocol
• X.500, Directory Access Protocol (DAP)
• XMPP, Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol